Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy Theory
Maslow proposed at least five sets of goals which can be referred to as basic needs & set a theory, this theory gives a right direction for managers & other organization leaders (Ramlall,2004).The theory explains five levels of human’s need, the need for the next level arises with the fulfillment of the earlier need, Following are the needs, Physiological needs, safety and security need, Social need, Self-worth and Self-actualization. Sometime the need may not follow the hierarchy due to unpredictable attitude & behavior of the human being (Varma,2017).
The lowest level is Physiological needs, food, water, shelter and clothing, when people fulfill that needs go to Security needs(second level), person needs to feel safe in a society and in organization,Thrid level is love and belonging needs, people need to receive and give love and have good friendships, fourth level is Esteem needs, It is people need to have self-respect & appreciation based on their achievement, Highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy is need of Self-actualization, the progress of this need based on the satisfaction of the other four levels(Faizul, Aminul&Shamimul, 2014). The principal of this theory is that when one need is satisfied, its importance reduces and the strength of the next level increases. (Latham & Pinder 2005).
Figure 1.0: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
(Source: Faizul, Aminul&Shamimul,2014).
Figure 01 explain,Maslow suggested that most people have these basic needs in hierarchical manner, but this can be changed not a fixed order as some individuals will have these needs in the reverse way (Osabiya & Joseph,2015).
I’m working in leading glove manufacturing organization which are highly consider about Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, employees receive their monthly salaries which align with the industrial benchmarks along with allowances, such as cost of living allowances, medical reimbursements, traveling reimbursements, fuel allowances, hospitalization reimbursements, entertainment and holiday allowances, annual bonuses, telephone bill reimbursements, all are varies between employee position in the organization, further company provides special loan to employees at zero interest rates during new year period, every employee entitles to get this loan based on necessities. Company did a great thing for employees who were living in renting houses during Covid period, gave the company own residences & foods to protect all from Covid. This is the way company full fill Physiological needs of employees.
The company is moving considering employee safety, company safety policy is “Think Safety – Home Safely”. As a safety-first organization, company 100% responsible to fulfill employee security needs.
Pirith Ceremony/family day organize by annually to fulfill employee social needs.
The company gives monetary and non-monetary rewards for employees based on group & individual achievements, such as party, staff annual trips, foreign tours to fulfill self-esteem & actualization needs.
Therefore, it is evident that the company clearly maintains an organizational culture where its employees are motivated and satisfied to a greater extent.
References,
• Faizul, M.H., Aminul, M.H., Shamimul, I. (2014) Motivational Theories – A Critical Analysis. ASA University Review,8(1)62-63.
• Latham,G.P., Pinder,C.G.(2005) Work Motivation Theory and Research at the dawn ow theTwenty-first century, Annual Review of Psychology.
• Osabiya, Joseph, B. (2015) The effect of employees’ motivation on organizational. Journal of Public Administration and Policy,7(4),62-75.
• Ramlall, S. (2004) A Review of Employee Motivation Theories and their Implications forEmployee Retention within Organizations. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge,53-54.
• Varma, C. (2017) Importance of employee motivation & job satisfaction for organizational performance. International Journal of Social Science & Interdisciplinary Research,6(2)10-20.
Well written. The Maslow theory probably provided the field of organizational behaviour and management with a new way of looking at employee's job attitudes or behaviours in understanding how employees are motivated. Probably the best conceptualization of human needs in organizations has been proposed by this theory (Kaur,2013).
ReplyDeleteYes, Maslow identified that employees move up with a need of hierarchy, stay on unsatisfied needs until that fulfilled, once it fulfilled motivate for next level, Maslow visualized the hierarchy as pyramid(Kroth,2007).
DeleteAgreed with your views further Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory is able to suggest how managers can guide their employees or subordinates to become self-actualized. Employees on the base of the organization and the employees have to determine the performance of the organization, and that when employees located in their best in the service of the organization, the culture and human resource practice must also ensure that the employees’ level of needs are reflected in the values the organization holds with high esteem (Greenberg & Baron, 2003).
ReplyDeleteCorrect Pernalla,organization guide employees to achieve financial targets while fulfilling five level of employee needs based on the Maslow's hierarchy theory, when organization fulfill the needs, employees highly engage to achieve vision of the organization(Suyono & Mudjanarko,2017).
DeleteAdding to what you have explained, Maslow has identified five basic needs of human under two main categories deficiency needs and growth needs. lower level deficiency need must be satisfied before moving to next level deficiency need (Huitt, 2007).
ReplyDeleteAgreed Chanaka, Maslow's five-stage model can divide into two category of needs, deficiency needs and growth needs, the first four levels can mention as deficiency needs, and the top level is known as growth needs(McLeod,2020).
DeleteAgreed with you Sandun, Addition to your article the hierarchy is usually shown as ranging through five main levels from the lowest need being physiological, through safety needs, love needs and esteem needs to the highest level of needs being self-actualization. This theory states that when a lower need is satisfied, it is no longer a strong motivator and hence the demand for the next higher need becomes dominant and the individual’s attention is turned towards satisfying this higher need. It states that only unsatisfied needs motivate an individual (Osabiya & Joseph, 2015).
ReplyDeleteYes, There are five types of level,lawer level needs should satisfy before progressing on to meet higher level growth needs. Once these needs have been reasonably satisfied, one may be able to reach the highest level called self-actualization(McLeod,2014).
DeleteYes Sandun. Maslow’s ideas are very helpful for understanding the needs of people at work and for determining what can be done to satisfy them. His theory advises managers to recognize that deprived needs may negatively influence attitudes and behaviors (Ozguner & Ozguner, 2014).
ReplyDeleteYes, Maslow introduced his theory how people satisfy various needs in the field of their work, leaders responsible for identify employee needs(Suyono & Mudjanarko,2017).
DeleteAgreed with you and A physiological need is the basic needs,
ReplyDeleteA physiological need is the lower level of need and most basic, such as food, job opportunity, fair compensation, reasonable working hours, water and food. Organization must provide the basic needs to employee to fulfil their main requirement. If the organization fail to give good remuneration, result will be less performance and employee want be able to make much of contribution (Ozguner and Ozguner, 2014).
Yes, Physiological needs called as deficit need, these are very basic needs & employee temporarily been satisfied fulfilling them(Poston,2009).
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